Tag Archives: Monkeypox

Jul 20 2022

Infection-enhancing antibodies either ‘drain’ or ‘train’….


2 comments

Geert Vanden Bossche, DVM, PhD

General Manager at Voice for Science and Solidarity | The biggest challenge in vaccinology: Countering immune evasion

Published originally on TS News on Jul. 16, 2022, 9:00 p.m.

Weak immune activation by glycosylated ASLI- or ASLD-enabling viruses (that occurs, for example, during asymptomatic-mild natural infection) elicits low concentrations of non-neutralizing, short-lived IEABs. Upon subsequent re-exposure to a homologous or antigenically shifted[1] viral lineage these Abs are highly likely to enhance viral uptake by susceptible host cells and contribute to innate immune training of pre-primed NK cells. However, it’s important to note that individuals who contract asymptomatic/ mild infection provoked by a glycosylated ASLVI- or ASLVD-enabling virus can still experience disease. This can occur when re-exposure to the homologous or antigenically shifted viral lineage occurs at a point in time where the short-lived non-neutralizing IEABs are at their very highest level. As these Abs are immature (i.e., non-functional), their titers decline rapidly—they are no longer even detectable after 8 weeks. ADED after asymptomatic/ mild infection is therefore rare and the incidence rate thereof can only significantly increase in case of high viral infectiousness (which will substantially increase the likelihood for re-infection within just a few weeks after the previous asymptomatic-mild infection). In the case of SC-2, high viral infectiousness results from natural selection and dominant propagation of ‘more infectious’ SC-2 variants which is a direct consequence of mass vaccination (as previously explained).  

On the other hand, immune priming by glycosylated ASLI- or ASLD-enabling viruses (for example, in people who contract the disease) induces virus-neutralizing Abs as well as non-neutralizing Abs (comprising IEABs). Upon subsequent re-exposure to an antigenically shifted viral lineage binding of the IEABs to a variant-nonspecific site[2] on the virus enhances viral uptake by susceptible host cells. This partially sidelines pre-primed NK cells and calls on cytotoxic CD8+ T cells to clear virus-infected cells, leading to more pronounced symptoms of disease. As the enhanced viral uptake does not usually lead to full drainage of the viral clearance capacity of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, productive infection will not only enhance training of pre-primed NK cells but also enables priming of ‘new’ Abs directed at the surface protein that is responsible for initiation of infection by the antigenically shifted viral lineage. 

This can explain why individuals who contracted disease induced by a glycosylated ASLVI- or ASLVD-enabling virus can still contract disease again (but rarely severe) up to several months after their recovery. This typically occurs when re-infection is caused by an antigenically shifted viral lineage and at a point in time where the naturally induced Ag-specific Abs are still fairly high. The phenomenon can also occur in the case vaccine-induced Abs are confronted with an antigenically shifted viral lineage before they have achieved full-fledged neutralizing capacity. Individuals who got partially vaccinated (e.g., only one shot) with a non-replicating Ab-based viral vaccine and become exposed to an antigenically shifted viral lineage shortly thereafter are prone to this risk. 

Finally, strong immune priming by non-replicating Ab-based vaccines elicits high concentrations of both potentially neutralizing and non-neutralizing IEABs.  Upon subsequent re-exposure to an antigenically shifted viral lineage the IEABs are highly likely to enhance viral uptake by susceptible host cells in a way that sidelines pre-primed NK cells and increasingly drains the flow capacity of viral clearance by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (instead of training NK cells). This is likely to not only cause more severe disease and delay recovery, but also to prevent immune priming against the antigenically shifted epitopes (immunologically outcompeted by ‘old’ epitopes that benefit from ‘antigenic sin’). Instead, natural re-exposure to either a homologous or antigenically shifted viral lineage will strongly boost the IEABs for lack of sufficient flow capacity of viral clearance by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (as a result of deficient NK cell training). In case of re-infection with the same viral variant, this is likely to increase the severity of the disease (due to ADEI) whereas re-exposure to an antigenically shifted viral lineage that is resistant to the potentially infection-neutralizing vaccine-induced Abs (e.g., the more virulent Omicron BA.4 or BA.5 lineages in case of SC-2) will enable boosted IEABs to protect against severe disease (via inhibition of productive trans infection in the LRT).

In the meantime, viral lineages that are resistant to the potentially virulence-neutralizing vaccinal Abs are being selected. Once this has happened, the IEABs will facilitate ADEI-mediated ADED in vaccinees. 

Conclusion in regard of SC-2 and Covid-19: 

Whereas the unvaccinated are experiencing increasing and durable protection from C-19 disease caused by new variants through i) trained innate immunity (which is not susceptible to immune escape!) and ii) priming of new neutralizing Abs against those variants (as ‘antigenic sin’ is mitigated by trained innate immunity!), vaccinees now need to exclusively rely on boosting (as ‘antigenic sin’ is not mitigated by training of pre-primed NK cells) of IEABs (which are prone to immune escape!) to ensure a fragile and provisional protection from severe disease.

Whereas immune training is a blessing, immune drainage is a scourge! That’s why only natural immunity can eventually fully protect you during a pandemic. That’s why Africa will win!    

Bibliography:

[1]  ‘Antigenically shifted’ relates to an antigenic shift in the viral surface protein that is responsible for initiation of infection

[2]  In case of SC-2, this site is situated within the N-terminal domain of spike protein

AntibodiesCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2

Jul 19 2022

Fauci Set to Retire


Armstrong Economics Blog/Corruption Re-Posted Jul 19, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

Dr. Anthony Fauci, Mr. COVID himself, announced that he would retire at the end of Joe Biden’s term. Fauci hinted in an interview that he fears an investigation into his personal dealings if the conservatives take back control next year. “They’re going to try and come after me, anyway. I mean, probably less so if I’m not in the job,” Fauci told Politico. We know the vaccination does not work and causes more harm than good. The long-term effects of the vaccines and lockdowns are now coming to light, and Fauci is responsible as the mascot for the entire COVID agenda.

Fauci maintains that boosters will be necessary every year, similar to the flu vaccine, despite the components of the two vaccines differing drastically. Fauci also admitted that the people are waking up to the fear-mongering and brainwashing techniques he used to scare the world to stay inside.

“It’s becoming more and more difficult to get people to listen, because even the people who are compliant want this behind them,” Fauci said, bewildered that people do not obey his every word. “What I try to convince them [of], with my communication method, is we’re not asking you to dramatically alter your lifestyle. We’re not asking you to really interfere with what you do with your life. We’re just asking you to consider some simple, doable mitigation methods.”

The ”simple, doable mitigation methods” involved involuntary house arrest, school closures, business closures, and forced vaccinations of an EXPERIMENTAL mRNA gene-altering therapy. These policies were a gut punch to the global economy. Countless people lost their jobs and lives due to his warped God-complex view of “trust the science.” This man should be held accountable for the damage he has done to society – permanent damage that will linger for generations to come.

Jul 11 2022

The Disease Cycle


Armstrong Economics Blog/Disease Re-Posted Jul 11, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

QUESTION: Marty, You have forecasted that your disease model turned up here in 2022. COVID was exploited, but it was no worse than the flu. Then there is monkeypox. But the latest is the much more lethal Marburg virus in Africa. Is this going to be the real one?

DC

ANSWER: The model did not target a specific virus. There are serious outbreaks throughout history but they are not always the same virus or bacteria. The history of this particular virus only goes back to 1967. This particular virus has a base cycle of 5-year intervals. The major outbreak was 2004-2005 which lasted into 2008. Ideally, our model projected that would reappear in 2013 and it showed up in 2012 a little ahead of schedule.

A major outbreak should come in the 2027-2028 time period. But keep in mind that this has not turned into a pandemic and has been confined to Africa. It is spread through bodily fluids so which usually involves sex or touching an open sore. So I would not be concerned that this will spread to your neighborhood without human intervention. The most devastating disease cycle will be from 2027 into 2050.

May 25 2022

Monkeypox – Old Virus, New Vaccine


Armstrong Economics Blog/Disease Re-Posted May 25, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

The US Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) is already developing a vaccine for monkeypox. Although the disease may seem novel, the first reported outbreak in monkeys occurred in 1958, and the first human infection was reported in the 1970s in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). According to the Centers for Diseases and Prevention (CDC), the virus is transmitted to humans through direct animal-to-human or human-to-human contact. Before they change the transmission guidelines, I will report what they stated on their website:

“Transmission of monkeypox virus occurs when a person comes into contact with the virus from an animal, human, or materials contaminated with the virus. The virus enters the body through broken skin (even if not visible), respiratory tract, or the mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth). Animal-to-human transmission may occur by bite or scratch, bush meat preparation, direct contact with body fluids or lesion material, or indirect contact with lesion material, such as through contaminated bedding. Human-to-human transmission is thought to occur primarily through large respiratory droplets. Respiratory droplets generally cannot travel more than a few feet, so prolonged face-to-face contact is required. Other human-to-human methods of transmission include direct contact with body fluids or lesion material, and indirect contact with lesion material, such as through contaminated clothing or linens.”

The disease can reportedly occur through sexual encounters as well. This is NOT an airborne virus – masks and lockdowns would be useless. Cases of the virus are appearing throughout the world, but again, this virus was never limited to one continent. In 2003, 47 cases of monkeypox were reported in the US after pet prairie dogs became infected after being housed with small animals imported from Ghana.

BARDA plans to release JYNNEOS, a smallpox vaccine, to treat monkeypox cases by 2023. The company has already produced almost 13 million freeze-dried doses of the vaccine that are expected to be manufactured in 2024 and 2025.

President and CEO of Bavarian Nordic Paul Chaplin said, “We are pleased to announce the exercise of the first options under our contract with the US government to deliver a freeze-dried version of the smallpox vaccine with an improved shelf-life, which will be manufactured at our new fill and finish facility. This marks a significant milestone in our long-standing partnership with the US government to ensure availability of life-saving vaccines for the entire population.”

The European Medicines Agency approved the medication to treat monkeypox in 2013, and the FDA quietly approved its usage in 2019. Since this seems to be a rare illness, why are they planning to manufacture millions of doses to save “the entire population?” The media has only just begun reporting cases of the virus, and it would not be surprising if they pushed yet another unnecessary vaccine on the global population for profit and control.