Inflation and Jobs – Data to be Reviewed by the Fed


Posted originally on Dec 8, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

Inflation

Inflation in the US is on the rise, as indicated by the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index that rose 0.3% in September. Inflation now sits at 2.8%, above the Fed’s target, while unemployment continues to rise. This is the data the Federal Open Market Committee will review when it meets for the last time in 2025.

Gasoline prices spiked 4.1% in September, the leading cause of the overall rise in headline CPI. Shelter costs are continuing to rise, up 0.2% on a monthly basis. Housing alone has contributed 1.7 percentage points to CPI. Housing combined with health care created two-thirds of the annual increase in inflation. Naturally, this is an area of concern—these are the basic necessities for existence.

Grocery prices have not waned, with food at home rising to 2.7% in September. The overall food index is at 3.1%–notable annual rises include meats/poultry/fish/eggs (+5.2%) and nonalcoholic beverages (+5.3%); cereals/bakery (+1.6%), fruits/vegetables (+1.3%), and dairy (+0.7%).

Looking at employment, nonfarm payrolls rose by 119,000 in September, surpassing market expectations. Unemployment now stands at 4.4%, up 0.1% from the month prior, at the highest level since October 2021. The Labor Department revised job figures for July and August to show a decrease of 33,000 positions. We’ve seen a number of corporations impose mass layoffs this year. The data is skewed from the government shutdown. The Bureau of Labor Statistics said it will not bother to publish the full October jobs report.

The data is never accurate; the agency is bypassing October and admittedly overreporting numbers in the summer. I do not see much reassurance from the September jobs report.

The Fed & Interest Rates


Posted originally on Oct 29, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

CBDUSA Y 10 29 2025

QUESTION: Marty, Socrates has been right on target with the Fed and interest rates since it had a Directional Change in 2024. I am correct that the Directional Chabge next year implies higher rates thereafter?

Paul

ANSWER: Yes. This year should be a correction to a low. The resistance stands at 4.5%. As you can see from the cyclical-infused stochastic, this is NOT in crash mode. President Donald Trump says he wants more rate cuts to help buttress a wavering US economy.

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The Federal Reserve cut rates by a quarter-point for a second month in a row amid pressure from within and from without. The problem is that both unemployment and inflation are rising, and our computer has forecast STAGFLATION through 2028. Interestingly, the spread between the 10-year and 2-year should narrow. This still indicates capital flight, mainly from Europe. As I have said before, the capital fled Europe for WWI, and since it was here, the Automobile boom into 1929 resulted in capital concentration in the US economy. That is why 1929 was the biggest rally, but call money rates only reached 20% – the lowest of all the major panics since 1882, all because of capital concentration. This is the phase we are entering, which accounts for the shift in the spread as well.

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Fed to Slow Bond Buying Program


Posted originally on Oct 16, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

Federal Reserve Eagle

The Fed may create policy, but it is ultimately dictated by the markets. Powell came out and reaffirmed the central bank’s fears of a hiring slowdown. Soon, the bank will no longer shrink its $6.6 trillion balance sheet, previously allowing $40 billion of mortgage-backed securities and Treasuries to mature each month without replenishment. Powell insists that the Fed needed to buy into these vehicles during the post-pandemic recovery to lower rates in a failed attempt to manipulate the business cycle.

“With the clarity of hindsight, we could have—and perhaps should have—stopped asset purchases sooner,” Powell said. “Our real-time decisions were intended to serve as insurance against downside risk.”

The Treasury is issuing record debt, and the private sector is no longer interested in purchasing. Capital is moving out of public debt, thus the Fed has no choice but to halt buying. China began selling off US debt long ago. Japan, the top foreign holder of US debt, is facing a massive default due to its own mishandling of fiscal policy. Foreign central banks have been net sellers of Treasuries for years, and domestic institutions will not absorb endless new issuance without higher yields. The Fed is stuck because it must continue expanding the balance sheet merely to fund government, but it will NEVER be sufficient because politicians spend into eternity.

The current administration believes lowering rates will fix everything. Cheaper borrowing will not entice businesses to take on more debt when they do not have confidence in the future. Borrowing costs do not matter when businesses see demand waning. The central bank has been conditioned through Keynesian lenses to lower when hiring slows.

The Fed’s tinkering will merely buy time. The central bank has lost control over the bond market, while the government’s confidence years ago caused a massive swing from public to private.

Seasonal Hires Reach 16-Year Low


Posted originally on Sep 29, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

Online Shopping

Seasonal retail hiring may plummet to the lowest level since 2009. Job placement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas expects retailers to add under 500,000 temporary positions in the final three months of the year, an 8% annual decline, and the smallest gain in 16 years. Retail depends on holiday Q4 sales for a bulk of annual revenue and the hiring trend is a glaring sign of a declining economy.

Certain retailers, like Target, stated that they plan to offer overtime hours to existing employees. Yet another sign of the times as people are eager for additional income and companies are not keen to take on additional employees.

A PwC survey from September 2025 indicates that the average person plans to spend 5% less this holiday season, down from $1,638 in 2024 to $1,552 per person. The survey has not indicated a drop in holiday sales since 2020. PwC’s figure translates to ~$413B–$460B total if scaled to ~266M adult consumers. Gen Z notably plans to spend 23% less this year as the cost of living has caused most young adults to live paycheck to paycheck, whereas boomers with sufficient savings plan to spend 5% more.

The National Retail Federation (NRF), however, predicts US retail sales will rise between 2.7% and 3.7% over 2024, reaching between $5.42 trillion and $5.48 trillion for the year. As for holiday spending, the NRF predicts a rise between 2.5% and 3.5% reaching a total between $979.5 billion and $989 billion.

Hiring trends in retail indicate that companies are less than optimistic about overall foot traffic this holiday season. Americans are spending more on less. Discretionary spending has been on the decline as inflation never meaningly waned.

US GDP Rose 3.8% in Q3


Posted originally on Sep 26, 2025 by Martin Armstrong 

GDP 3

US GDP grew at a 3.8% annualized pace in Q2, surpassing estimates of 3.3%, leading the press to cheer a strong and robust economy. By design, the GDP calculation counts net exports as a positive. When imports collapse, GDP rises even though that is a signal of weakened consumer demand.

Consumer spending rose by 2.5%, rising 0.6% from Q1, and overperformed compared to the 1.6% estimate. Again, the underlying cause of that rise is not consumer confidence. The price of goods remains elevated, and consumers are spending more on less. Household debt is now at record highs across every area, from mortgages to credit cards and auto loans. It is an illusion that higher consumer spending indicates prosperity.

The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) accurately stated that the “primarily reflected a decrease in imports, which are a substraction in the calculation of GDP, and an increase in consumer spending. These movements were partly offset by decreases in investment and exports.” This does not mean companies are simply purchasing domestically due to tariffs.

The GDP calculation, albeit better than anticipated, does not indicate long-term strength in the economy. The decline in imports has skewed the figure in favor of government so it looks as if policies are working and the US is somehow immune to the global economic decline. The US cannot experience meaningful growth when demand in declining due a loss of confidence and debt is rapidly accumulating.

Gold – Dow & People Pretending to be Me.


Posted originally on Sep 25, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

Gold and IBM Share Certificate

COMMENT: Mr. Armstrong, I just wanted to thank you for your ground-breaking analysis. I was a gold-only bug, and you opened my eyes to capital flows, explaining that gold rises not due to inflation, but geopolitical tensions. You have been forewarned that when Europe is flirting with war, the capital will flee, and it will be on every boat to the USA. We have gold making new highs, and the Dow is also reaching new highs. Something the gold crowd always said the opposite. You said gold could test the $5,000 level due to war as soon as 2026, I believe. At the same time, others continue to claim that the stock market will crash and revise their forecasts with every new high.

I just wanted to say you are honestly making a difference. I know people steal your work and claim it as their own. I discovered some people created channels and pretend to be you on Telegram and elsewhere. I do not understand their game. You do not solicit money. I’m not sure if they are trying to ruin your reputation. I reported what I encountered to your staff.

I know you have more money than God because you don’t raise your prices, you don’t solicit money, and you don’t sell advertising.

Please do not get discouraged.

Cheers

FDS

REPLY: Thank you for bringing that to our attention. I am not sure what is going on with people pretending to be me. I DO NOT RECOMMEND ANY STOCK INDIVIDUALLY, AND I DO NOT MANAGE MONEY. If you want to know about an individual share that is on Socrates. Some funds trade based on Socrates, but sorry, – been there, done that. I am far too busy to manage money. I am honestly working seven days a week, from 7 AM to midnight, and I still can’t get ahead of the workload. Anyone pretending to be me, telling you to buy a specific stock or promising to manage your money, is a fraud. Let our staff know.

As far as the market is concerned, I will do a Private Post this week. There can be a brief correction in the share market after this week. But it still does not appear to be a major long-term bear market or crash. As far as gold is concerned, the key resistance is really $4500 for next year. Gold has to pass that, and then it would test the $5,000 level. Exceeding that level, the expectations will then jump to $10,000. It gets dicey after $5,000.

If I had more money than God, I suppose that means people wouldn’t contribute to any church.

When Monetary and Fiscal Policies Blur


Posted originally on Sep 24, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

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The Federal Reserve should operate independently of Washington. It does not. Stephan Miran was appointed to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors by Donald Trump. Miran, who served as a top economic adviser to Trump and served as the chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advisers, switched from controlling fiscal to monetary policy and now the lines between Washington and the Fed are completely blurred.

Miran believes interest rates should eventually be cut in half. He mistakenly believes the old Keynesian theories that lower rates will result in higher employment. “The Federal Reserve has been entrusted with the important goal of promoting price stability for the good of all American households and businesses, and I am committed to bringing inflation sustainably back to 2 percent,” he said. “However, leaving policy restrictive by such a large degree brings significant risks for the Fed’s employment mandate.”

“The upshot is that monetary policy is well into restrictive territory,” he said. “Leaving short-term interest rates roughly 2 percentage points too tight risks unnecessary layoffs and higher unemployment.”

I’ve explained numerous times why this line of thinking is flawed. Businesses are not eager to take on additional debt, albeit at a lower rate, if they do not see a decent ROI in the future. Not a single client has suggested that they were waiting for rates to drop to expand their business. Look what happened in Japan when they artificially lowered rates to zero for decades. The economy stagnated because confidence was lost.

The reason politicians love low rates is not to help the people but to help government. With the US national debt now spiraling out of control, every uptick in rates increases the cost of debt service. Trump knows this. Biden knew it too. Every administration eventually leans on the Fed to keep rates down because the alternative is insolvency.

Trump appointed Miran for a reason. Powell was unwilling to play into politics, but Miran, a voting member of the FOMC, is an installed loyalist who will ensure the government’s ability to borrow continues.

Interview: Europe’s Economic Turmoil, Political Uprisings, & Global Tensions


Posted originally on Sep 21, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

Interview: Gold, Stocks, Geopolitical & Dollar Surge


Posted originally on Sep 20, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

Coffee Prices on the Rise


Posted originally on Sep 19, 2025 by Martin Armstrong |  

Coffee

Coffee prices are the latest grocery item troubling American consumers. The United States is the world’s largest importer of coffee, but produces less than 0.1% of all coffee for domestic consumption, importing over $8.2 billion (1.6 metric tons) of coffee last year alone. The average retail price of coffee spiked 21% in the past year, marking the sharpest rise since the late 1990s.

Tariffs are certainly part of the problem. Brazil produces around 37% of the world’s coffee, but now faces a 50% tariff on coffee beans. The average price of Brazilian coffee now sits around $6 per pound. Brazil also experienced a depleted harvest in 2024-25 due to drought and unfavorable weather conditions. The harvest was 9% beneath traditional levels. Global production rose by 4.3 million bags, but was offset by lower stocks, and prices remained high. The US spent $1.41 billion last year on Brazilian coffee alone, and a 50% tariff in addition to increased prices is causing grocers and retailers to raise prices.

Brazil and Colombia primarily focus on Arabica beans, with Colombia being America’s second-highest importer. In far contrast to Brazil, Colombia’s tariff sits at 10%. Still, the US purchased $1.4 billion in coffee beans from Colombia last year and any levy will be felt by consumers. Colombia’s 2024-25 coffee harvest was extremely robust at 13.2 million bags, a 23% increase from the previous year. Farmers believe production will fall by 5.3% in the coming harvest due to weakening La Nina conditions and heavy rain.

Vietnam supplies 17% of the world’s coffee, but the US mainly relies on South America for imports. Vietnam’s tariff sits at 20% and many roasters have complained that this is affecting their bottom line. Same with Indonesia, which has a 19-32% levy.

Brazilian coffee exports to the US have fallen by nearly 46% since tariffs were imposed. While the US consumed 15% of Brazilian coffee exports, Germany was close behind at 14% and has surpassed the US to become the top buyer. It is undeniable that tariffs on Brazil have caused a spike in US coffee prices, which has been exacerbated by a weak harvest.