It’s The Lusitania Ploy All Over Again


Posted originally on Jan 3, 2024 By Martin Armstrong 

1981 Lusitania_divers_warned_of_danger_from_war_munitions
German Lusitania_warning

The Neocons are playing with the lives of people desperate to create World War III and to entice Putin to PLEASE attack anyone in NATO. In 1915, Germany took out advertisements in the New York newspapers warning people not to travel on the passenger ship the RMS Lusitania for it was illegally using civilians as cover to provide arms to Britain. Of course, the US denied that they were using civilians just as Hamas in Palestine. The death toll was 1201 civilians died to get the USA to enter World War I.

The Germans took the bait and sank the RMS Lusitania, and the USA used that as the excuse to finally enter World War I, which was their objective all along. Even 20 years later, the US continued to deny there were any arms on the Lusitania. However, with modern technology, divers could finally reach the Lusitania. Only in 1982, 67 years later, were divers warned that there were explosives on the Lusitania.

Finally, Archaeology.org recovered ammunition from the Lusitania, proving once and for all that the Germans were correct. What is incredibly critical to understand here is that the Lusitania was used as bait to get the Germans to sink the ship to justify entering the war.

From the Trenches – Lusitania’s Secret Cargo – Archaeology Magazine Archive

This is one of the oldest tricks in the book. The West instructed the interim Ukraine government in 2014, which they hand-picked, to start the civil war and attack the Donbas. Merkel negotiated the Minsk Agreement in BAD FAITH only to buy time for Ukraine to build an army. When it comes to war, as I have said many times, the first casualty is always the truth.

British have provided the missiles used by Ukraine to sink the Russian ship; dozens of Russian servicemembers were declared missing or wounded after the 370-foot Ropucha-class Novocherkassk large landing ship was hit on December 26 in Crimea by Ukrainian cruise missiles. Moscow admitted damage to the ship, which carried a crew of up to 87 service members.

20 years later

However, the missiles used by Ukraine were provided by the U.K. Ministry of Defense, but they also provided Kyiv with satellite surveillance and target guidance. This is becoming common knowledge, and they, too, are praying at the foot of their bed every night that Putin will yield to the demands that he extracts a price from the British for as they are screaming, this is not a war against Ukraine; this is against the USA, Britain, and NATO. Even the Russian political scientist Yuri Baranchik now calls for Putin to attack the British warship HMS Diamond. Barinchik wrote on Telegram:

“This is a blow from Britain/the United States and a desire to interrupt the positive background from the capture of Marinka, as well as the recent successes of the Russian Armed Forces at the front.”

Barinchik has characterized this British attack as a “training exercise” for a potential future strike on Russia’s naval components in the Northern Fleet. Thus, I have been warning that Putin is the MODERATE – not the evil demon that the Western propaganda machine keeps putting out. I have expressed my concern that the West will do whatever it can to overthrow Putin in hopes of replacing him with a hardliner to launch World War III. Beware of January/February 2024.

The desperate need to provoke Putin to attack anyone in NATO to justify World War III.

Biden Says US Troops will Fight Russian if Ukraine Loses


Posted Jan 2, 2024 By Martin Armstrong 

White House Logo

On Friday, President Biden, the hand puppet of the Neocons, warned that the US Military might find themselves in a direct conflict with Russia should they defeat Ukraine – which they will. Biden released a statement written by the Neocons that said the standard propaganda of how fantastic Ukraine is doing, claiming it successfully intercepted a number of the missiles and drones launched by Russia thanks to the American-provided air defense systems.

Merkel_Minsk_Buy_Time_to Prepare for wart
Draft 500000 12 19 23

Over 500,000 Ukrainian soldiers have died, all for a territorial grab where they would massacre the Russian civilians who live in the Donbas, and the West entered into the Minsk Agreement, agreeing to allow them the right to a free election. At the same time, Ukraine built an army to wage war against Russia under the command of the Neocons. This is why Zelensky needs to draft another 500,000 more people to die for the Neocons.

Lyndsey Graham brags about how the Ukrainians will fight to the last man. We have reached that point all for what?

Here is that last person told to die for the Neocons. This is a video from the front lines showing Zelensky has even sent unarmed people with Down Syndrome to the front lines to be killed. Zelensky sacrifices his own people for a handful of silver from the Neocons.

Lyndsey Graham is a sick individual, and if he were on the street doing this, it would be hate speech that they want to imprison people for and regulate the internet. This is why Graham supports Biden in this war that has no end other than the destruction of the United States in World War III.

Ukraine Has Lost the War
Great Reset Agenda

Biden added that unless congressional lawmakers take “urgent action in the new year,” the U.S. will not be able to continue to provide Ukraine with “weapons and vital air defense systems.” Throwing more money into Ukraine will not change the outcome. HONOR the Minsk Agreement, and the war would end in 24 hours. That has NEVER been the objective. They need this war to cover up the collapse of the monetary system of borrowing year-after-year with NO INTENTION of paying anything back.

The war will be used as the excuse to justify Digital Currency, track every aspect of your life, and usher in the new world order where they will regulate who can even have air conditioning under the pretense of Climate Change.

2024 Totalitarianism

Ukraine Cannot Pay Govt in 2024 Without Billions from the West


Posted originally on Jan 2, 2024 By Martin Armstrong 

Most do not realize that the West has been funding Ukraine’s entire government. Biden and other world leaders have promised Zelensky that they would fund the salaries and pensions for all Ukrainian politicians and government workers. Yuliia Svyrydenko, First Deputy Prime Minister, issued a warning that Ukraine will be unable to pay MILLIONS of government employees if the West does not resume payments.

The figures are correct. The West has the salaries of 500,000 Ukrainian civil servants on its payroll, along with 1.4 million teachers. The highest priced item is the 10 MILLION pensioners living completely off of foreign aid. Svyrydenko demands at least $37 billion to fund Ukraine’s government into 2024.

Congress blocked Joe Biden’s most recent attempt to send Ukraine over $60 billion. In return, Biden threatened to send American troops to the frontlines to die. The European Union, and the unelected officials at the top, attempted to send Ukraine an additional €50 billion but Hungary vetoed that support package. The EU is now looking for a loophole to send €20 billion to Ukraine without Hungary’s approval since the EU is not a union.

How can you effectively sell this idea to Europeans and North Americans amid the current cost of living crisis? The majority now realize that Ukraine will never stop begging for money. No amount will fuel the insatiable appetite of the most corrupt government in Europe. The funding mentioned is only for Ukraine’s government employees and does not include spending on the military, infrastructure, humanitarian aid, etc. Don’t forget we are also funding a war in the Middle East now too. Europe and North America cannot fund their own pension programs, and we will soon see a major pension crisis when the Baby Boomer generation leaves the workforce.

When will the people draw the line? This is what happens when you have taxation without any representation.

IMF Gives Ukraine $900 Million – International Donor Fatigue


Posted originally on Dec 13, 2023 By Martin Armstrong 

BlackRock.JPMorgan.UKRAINE.Reconstruction.Fund_

The International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) executive board has approved a $900 million disbursement for Ukraine from its $15.6 billion loan program. This decision was made just hours before IMF chief Kristalina Georgieva met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky. The approval follows a staff agreement reached last month with Ukrainian authorities after the second review of Kyiv’s progress on a four-year Extended Fund Facility loan.

The IMF called for an “ambitious” external commercial debt restructuring in the first half of 2024, and JPMorgan Chase and BlackRock are happy to oblige. The IMF raised Ukraine’s growth forecast for 2023 to 4.5% and expected growth of 3% to 4% in 2024, citing the “remarkable resilience” of the economy. “Looking ahead, whereas the recovery is expected to continue, the outlook has significant risks stemming mainly from the exceptionally high war-related uncertainty,” Georgieva said in a statement. “It is also critical that external financing on concessional terms continue on a timely and predictable basis.”

The IMF has already spent $4.5 billion on Ukraine in 2023. America alone has sent over $100 billion and the president is threatening to send American troops to die if his latest $60+ billion spending package is not approved — $61 BILLION! Ukraine is anticipating a budget deficit of $43 billion for 2024 and needs America to foot the bill. Reuters called it “international donor fatigue” after reprimanding countries for not sending all of their reserves to Ukraine. The people are tired of these expensive war games and most are waking up and realizing that we cannot continue funding a losing battle.

Zelenskyy Confronts Hungary’s Viktor Orban at Javier Milei Inauguration


Posted originally on the CTH on December 11, 2023 | Sundance 

Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban has been an advocate for peace talks between Russia and Ukraine to solve the conflict.  This puts PM Orban in opposition to NATO and the larger EU narrative who want to continue funding the Ukraine proxy war.  {LINK}  The EU even began speculating about kicking Hungary out of the EU over the issue; to wit Orban smiles.

At the inauguration of Javier Milei, Volodymyr Zelenskyy confronted Viktor Orban and it was caught on camera.

TODAY – […] Contacts between Kyiv and Budapest have intensified ahead of the European Council meeting on 14-15 December, where the decision to open accession talks with Ukraine and approve macro-financial assistance is to be considered.

Among other things, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy met with Viktor Orbán, the Hungarian Prime Minister, at the inauguration of the Argentinian president on Sunday. And last week, Andrii Yermak, Head of the President’s Office, spoke to Szijjártó by phone.

However, after these talks, Orbán called the Spanish presidency of the EU Council and persuaded them not to raise the issue of opening negotiations with Ukraine at the summit. (more)

The Truth Always Surfaces


Posted originally on Dec 10, 2023 By Martin Armstrong 

Zelenskyy Johnson

COMMENT: It first seemed you were just a Russian supporter. The more I read, the more I became shocked that we have instigated this conflict with Russia and all the conspiracy theories are being proven true. The person who referred me to your site said you had the best sources because everyone wanted to know what Socrates was forecasting. Your post today about Boris Johnson telling Zelensky there is no peace with Russia truly hit home. These people have no qualms about letting millions die for nothing. It makes me wonder if these people want power and enjoy hurting others. I cannot comprehend their thinking, let alone their moral character. Johnson has the blood of many on his hands, and he cannot wash them clean like Pontus Pilate.

MW

REPLY: The West wants this war. Zelensky was told to keep fighting to kill as many Russians as possible. Lindsey Graham said it was the best money he ever spent to kill Russians. The problem is that 500,000 Ukrainians are now dead and still counting. Not a single leader in the West gave 2-seconds of thought about all the Ukrainian deaths and that 8 to 10 million have fled their homes. They have destroyed Ukraine because of their hatred of Russians. It was the unelected interim government installed by the US, EU, and Britain that started this civil war, attacking the Donbas on their instructions. The people voted for Zelensky because he promised peace. Johnson interfered and said no way.

McCain was at Maidan encouraging a revolution and that the United States would stand behind them. Can you imagine if a Russian addressed the crowd on January 6th, encouraging them to overthrow the government? The Neocons have used Ukraine for their purpose to wage war against Russia, and they never cared about the Ukrainian people or their country.

McCain at Maidan
McCain Kiew This is your moment
Ukraine Map
Khruschev

Khruschev arbitrarily drew the Ukraine border for administrative purposes. He grew up there and was responsible for rebuilding Kiev after World War II. His successor, Brezhnev, was also born there in the Donbas. Does that mean the Cuban Missle Crisis was not with Russia, but with Ukraine since they claim the Donbas? From the beginning, before the US started this civil war, I had employees on both sides in Donetsk and Kyiv and warned on February 20, 2014, that Ukraine should have been divided based on language. I stressed that point again in 2022. I also warned back on December 3rd, 2013, before the Maidan Revolution, that “Ukraine Maybe The Most Important Country To Watch.” This has NEVER been my personal opinion or wish. Our computer pinpointed Ukraine before anything even took place.

Our computer pinpointed Ukraine as the place where World War III would begin. 

Eastern Europe Is Privately Not Quite as Pro-Ukraine as Western Media Claim


Posted originally on the CTH on December 3, 2023 | Sundance

If you were a curious and nationalist minded European person who wanted to better understand the dynamic of American politics, such an intentioned person would likely visit Washington DC to meet, understand and absorb the reality of USA politics.  However, that approach, while familiar, would be a mistake.

A visit to the DC beltway would generate opinions and insights from the perspective of the federal government apparatus.  Additionally, the U.S. politicians are going to repeat the policy agenda points that are debated and discussed.  But does that approach really inform the curious visitor about how Americans feel, engage and interact with the government?   The answer is no; the visitor would get the official skewed perspective, but leave without any understanding of how the policies described are actually considered by the American people.

To really understand the nature of how Americans view the political dynamic inside the U.S, as well as discover how the people would be reacting to policy or possible workarounds therein, the curious visitor would need to go to where the boots on the ground are – to the actual people who are engaging in American life.

The reverse of this scenario is also true.  Traveling from the USA to visit Spain, Holland, Hungary or Belarus, and spending time with their political leadership, will only gain you a top-level policy outline of what those officials and politicians are trying to achieve.  If there is a conflict between the official position and the actual reality on the ground, the curious visitor would never see it.

This dichotomy is the fatal flaw within the process of gathering information.  Tucker Carlson or (fill_in_blank) cannot understand how/if the political policy transfers to the citizens by talking to the known leadership.  What is happening on the ground could be entirely different, and that begins the conversation to a larger awakening.

My curiosity revolved around Western global sanctions against Russia.  It has been almost two years since massive sanctions against Russia were implemented.  The goal of the sanctions was to hurt Russia economically, weaken Putin domestically, and ultimately change the outcome in Ukraine.  However, the Russian economy is larger than before the sanctions; the Ruble is stronger against the US Dollar than before; Vladimir Putin is more supported inside Russia than before, and most of the financial and economic systems under sanction have failed to yield a substantive difference on the ground in Russia.

How is this possible, when we are told the sanctions delivered hardship to Russia?  The answer is simple; the sanctions didn’t work.   Why not?  What is happening?  These were the questions I had in mind as I went to where the economic systems are actually being engaged by the people.  I can say with certainty what I found is nowhere in any Western media presentation.

I will describe tomorrow the granular details of why the claims of the west do not match the reality of what is taking place.  On the ground, the sanctions are invisible because ordinary people in Europe, (a) are not in alignment with the expressed government intent, and (b) therefore have no issue constructing ways around them.

The US, UK, France and bureaucrats in Brussels are the tip of the spear against Russia, but behind that face there are EU mechanisms that do not align.   Things are not what they seem.

Before getting to those details, some of which have to be shared carefully due to the sensitivity of the information and process (sand in the machine), let’s start by looking at the subtle indications which will validate what we discuss next.

WASHINGTON DC – Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán regularly pushes the EU to the cliff edge, but diplomats are panicking that his hostility to Ukraine is now about to finally kick the bloc over the precipice.

A brewing political crisis is set to boil over at a summit in mid-December when EU leaders are due to make a historic decision on bringing Ukraine into the 27-nation club and seal a key budget deal to throw a €50 billion lifeline to Kyiv’s flailing war economy. The meeting is supposed to signal to the U.S. that, despite the political distraction over the war in the Middle East, the EU is fully committed to Ukraine.

Those hopes look likely to be knocked off course by Orbán, a strongman who cultivates close ties with Russian dictator Vladimir Putin and who is widely seen as having undermined democracy and rule of law at home. He is demanding the whole political and financial process should be put on ice until leaders agree to a wholesale review of EU support for Kyiv.

[…] Previous peacemakers such as former German Chancellor Angela Merkel or other Orbán-whisperers from the so-called Visegrád Four — Slovakia, Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic — are no longer there. The expected comeback of Donald Tusk for Poland, a pro-EU and anti-Russian leader, will only heighten Orbán’s status as the lonely, defiant hold-out.

“There is no one left to talk sense into Orbán,” a third EU official said. “He is now undermining the EU from within.”

[…] In theory, Brussels could come out with the big guns and use the EU’s so-called Article 7 procedure against Hungary, used when a country is considered at risk of breaching the bloc’s core values. The procedure is sometimes called the EU’s “nuclear option” as it provides for the most serious political sanction the bloc can impose on a member country — the suspension of the right to vote on EU decisions.

Because of those far-reaching consequences, there is reticence to roll out this option against Hungary. When EU leaders brought in “diplomatic sanctions” against Austria in 2000, the day after the party of Austrian far-right leader Jörg Haider entered the coalition, it backfired. Many Austrians were angry at EU interference and anti-EU sentiment soared. Sanctions were lifted later that year.

There is now a widespread feeling in Brussels that Article 7 could create a similar backlash in Budapest, fueling populism and in the longer term potentially even trigger a snowball effect leading to an unintended Hungarian exit of the bloc.

Given those fears, diplomats are doubling down on ways to work around a Hungarian veto. (read more)

Now you know why I went to Budapest.

What I can tell you is the nationalist outlook, a sentiment against the interests of Brussels, is not only an Orban perspective.  The Hungarian people, and the institutions therein, have no issue with Russia.  This extends to the reality within the Russian consulate in Budapest; you’ll specifically see how this all manifests tomorrow.

(Washington DC) – […] Instead of targeting flagship exports like oil and gas, Ukraine’s European allies will focus on restricting trade in diamonds, iron and copper, which are of relatively little value to the Russian state. When it comes to energy, “we’ve reached the capacity of what we can do without shooting [ourselves] in the foot and harming our competitiveness,” one EU diplomat claimed.

The biggest omission is liquefied natural gas, the all-important fossil fuel that netted President Vladimir Putin’s regime an estimated $6.6 billion in sales in the EU this year alone. Countries like Spain and Belgium have actually even boosted their LNG imports by a massive 50 percent in 2023, compared to 2022.

Meanwhile, hopes that Europe could agree to shut the door on Russia’s atomic energy sector given its dangerous occupation of Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant — the continent’s largest — have failed to materialize. Hungary is expanding one of its own atomic power stations with Moscow’s help and populist Prime Minister Viktor Orbán has vowed to veto any sanctions that would hurt the industry, despite criticism from EU and Ukrainian officials alike. Unanimous support from all 27 member states is needed to impose new restrictions, meaning talks on the subject are now deadlocked. (read more)

Ukraine Cannot Win


Posted originally on Nov 28, 2023 By Martin Armstrong 

When I said that Ukraine had lost 100,000 soldiers DEAD, I got a rash of emails claiming I was spreading Russian Propaganda. Then the head of the EU said that in a speech, and Zelensky said it was classified and she had to take that out. Of Ukraine’s 700,000 army, more than 150,000 are DEAD, and nearly 300,000 have been injured. This is why Zelensky has been conscripting 16-year-old boys and, behind the curtain, insisting that the EU forcibly return all able-bodied people to the front line. My same RELIABLE sources have the number of dead and injured Ukrainians approaching 500,000. The battle for Bakhmut was senseless. Zelensky ordered soldiers to their deaths, all to pretend he was winning for fear that the money would stop flowing.

Ukraine not only blew up the Nord Stream, undermining the German economy and sending unemployment up from 4.7% to 5.8%. Zelensky denied that Ukraine blew up the Nord Stream.  Moreover, Ukraine has been behind the assassination attempts inside Russia. Zelensky has been desperate to create World War III. He shot a missile into Poland and tried to blame Russia. The Dutch Court covered up the shooting down of the Malaysian passenger jet when the Ukrainians tried to blame that on the Russian-Ukrainians living in the Donbas. Zelensky is trying to blow up the Turkish pipeline all to undermine the Russian economy with no regard for what that will do to Europe, whom he then demands more weapons and money.

The Neocons have to be removed from power. They have been trying to undermine Russia by cutting off its energy sales since 1980. They imposed sanctions on Poland and Russia while creating pipelines to send gas to Europe. They started the Syrian Civil War, and that was the arms dealings hidden by the Benghazi incident. They signed the pipeline deal from Nigeria to Europe 2 months before they directed the Ukrainians to blow up Nord Stream. Then the Niger coup stopped that pipeline, and Victoria Nuland urgently flew to Niger to try to save the pipeline. The Neocons will not stop, and they pull off these covert acts all outside of Congress, circumventing the Constitution with every breath they take.

They are behind the Middle East war to circumvent the Suez Canal in hopes of destroying that, rerouting everything through Israel to cut off all trade with Russia once again. When will the Ukrainians rise up and overthrow Zelensky, who has sold his country to the Neocons? It looks like his days are numbered as we head into 2024. The Ukrainian people have been played for fools. They have been the vanguard to die for the dreams of the Neocons, and what do they stand to gain? Absolutely nothing!

Zelensky Lives in Luxury – Top Aides Acquire $75 Million Yachts


Posted originally on Nov 29, 2023 By Martin Armstrong 

As the people of Ukraine continue to suffer under his rule, Zelensky is living a lavish lifestyle. The former comedian is said to have properties around the world. So while he is begging the world to “do their part” and fund his war, he is using much of the funds for his own pleasure. Two of his associates, Boris and Serhiy Shefir, are taking the fall after it was discovered that people acting on behalf of Zelensky purchased two yachts worth $75 million.

The yachts named “Lucky Me” and “My Legacy” were purchased in Abu Dhabi and Antibes in October 2023. The names alone are an insult to the people. Zelensky has repeatedly fired top-level officials for misusing foreign aid while hiding his own wrongdoings. Zelensky is listed in the Panama Papers, and the fact-checkers try to divert people away from this fact. I estimated last October that he had $100 million stashed offshore, which was a conservative estimate as others were claiming the figure to be closer to $850 million.

ZelenskyVogue
Zelensky 850

Zelensky purchased a $5 million property in Egypt under his mother-in-law’s name, Olga Kiyashko. “A suspicion is creeping in that Ukrainian bureaucrats, with the help of their relatives, are stealing financial aid to Ukraine from the West,” the political scientist continued. He stressed that Ukrainian corruption is to blame and that egocentric officials who prioritize personal gain over care for their own people infest and control Kyiv’s political system,” Egyptian political scientist Abdulrahman Alabbassy commented. It is said Zelensky owns a $35 million home in Sunny Isles Beach, FL, but I have not been able to verify the claim.

Fried Zelensky Fink Yellen

His people are skilled in hiding money and assets. Before he was installed as president, Zelensky gifted the majority of his stake in numerous businesses to Serhiy Shefir who later became his top consultant and is now one of the two brothers taking the blame for purchasing the luxury yachts.

Zelensky’s victory in Ukraine will be looked upon as the Judas who sold his country for 30 pieces of silver. The corruption in Zelensky’s government is perhaps the greatest in the world. He is leading men and women to slaughter while half the population has fled. There is no strategic benefit to the Ukrainian people, and Zelensky’s promises of ending corruption and peace with Russia, for which the people voted, have been ignored. The volatility will rise sharply from 2024; a critical target will be 2026.

Categories:CORR

Yellen Says America Has Not Done Enough for Ukraine


Posted originally on Nov 27, 2023 By Martin Armstrong 

Janet Yellen never has anything of value to say, but she is the US Treasury Secretary and a mouthpiece for the globalists. Janet Yellen believes that Europe needs “us [USA] to do our part for this to hold together as a package,” despite sending Ukraine more funding than any other nation. Yellen said it is America’s responsibility to maintain Ukraine’s infrastructure and fund their entire private sector.

“By 2030, America will no longer be the leading superpower,” the World Economic Forum continually warns. The politicians do not care about the deep hole America has dug itself into by spending with no end in sight. They do not care that our debt has become less attractive to numerous nations and the buyers of last resort are also shying away from government debt. The pillars of a strong economy do not matter to the current leaders because the goal is global. Yellen said that continual aid for Ukraine is of the utmost priority.

2022_12_21_Zelenskyy_no_country_is_safe_if_Ukraine Falls

“Well, it’s a critical priority for the President, and critical to the national security of our country. I can’t prognosticate about the timetable on this. I’m pleased that Congress has passed legislation to keep the government open and running, but it really is essential that this aid be provided both to Israel and to Ukraine. We can’t allow Ukraine to lose a battle on the homefront because it lacks enough money to keep schoolteachers in the classroom and first responders on the job when it’s fighting valiantly on the battlefield. So, Ukraine is utterly dependent on this aid. We need to join others. Our European friends are providing — have provided 50 billion euro[s] of aid to Ukraine over the next four years, the IMF has provided over 15 billion. They need us to do our part for this to hold together as a package. And, of course, Israel urgently needs aid as well. And this aid is critical to the national security of America, if Putin were to win this brutal war in Ukraine, next, we might see him attacking a NATO ally of ours. We need to stop this.”

Do people realize that these wars have absolutely nothing to do with US national security? According to a new poll released this week by the Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research, less than half (45%) of Americans believe we are overextending our aid in Ukraine. Yellen and the 55% of Americans who support perpetual blank checks are free to empty their wallets for Zelensky. These are the same people complaining of high interest rates and inflation, utterly unaware that war is the primary driver of inflation