The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Investment Portfolio


Armstrong Economics Blog/Traders Re-Posted Jan 7, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

Bill Gates did not become one of the richest men in the world by investing in stocks. I am not recommending any of these particular stocks, but I do want to point out where Bill Gates’ interests lie. Notice how his foundation is invested in what many would consider COVID-sensitive equities such as Caterpillar and FedEx. Nearly half (45%) of his portfolio under his foundation is invested in his former buddy Warren Buffett’s company, Berkshire Hathaway. Warren Buffett subtly distanced himself from Bill Gates last year and resigned from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation after 15 years.

Before I share Bill’s portfolio, I must mention that Warren Buffett is now obligated to provide shares to the Gates Foundation. In June 2006, Buffett drafted the following letter:

"I greatly admire what the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (“BMG”) is accomplishing and want to materially expand its future capabilities. Accordingly, by this letter, I am irrevocably committing to make annual gifts of Berkshire Hathaway “B” shares throughout my lifetime for the benefit of BMG. The first year’s gift will permit an increase in BMG’s annual giving of about $1.5 billion. In the future, I expect the value of my annual gifts to trend higher in an irregular but eventually substantial manner.

Here are the mechanics: Ten million B shares will be earmarked by me for BMG contributions. (I currently own only A shares but will soon convert a number of these to B.) In July of every year, or such later date as you elect, 5% of the balance of the earmarked shares will be contributed either directly to BMG or to a charitable intermediary that will hold the earmarked shares for the benefit of BMG. To illustrate, in 2006, 500,000 shares will be contributed. In 2007, 475,000 shares (5% of the 9,500,000 remaining after the 2006 contribution) will be contributed and thereafter 5% fewer shares will be contributed each year.

There are three conditions to this lifetime pledge. First, at least one of you must remain alive and active in the policy-setting and administration of BMG. Second, BMG (or any intermediary) must continue to satisfy legal requirements qualifying my gifts as charitable and not subject to gift or other taxes. And, finally, the value of my annual gift must be fully additive to the spending of at least 5% of the Foundation’s net assets. I expect there to be a ramp-up period of two years during which this condition will not apply. But beginning in calendar 2009, BMG’s annual giving must be at least equal to the value of my previous year’s gift plus 5% of BMG’s net assets. If this amount is exceeded in any year, however, the excess can be carried forward and be offset against a shortfall in subsequent years. Similarly a shortfall in a given year can be made up in the following year."

Buffett followed the letter by stating that in the event of his death, he expects contributions to the foundation to continue. “I will soon write a new will that will provide for a continuance of this commitment,” he penned. Although Buffett resigned last year, he also gifted the foundation $3.2 billion. However, that is based on the formula presented in his letter above from 2006 as Berkshire shares have spiked. Buffett knows that he will receive a tax incentive for donating money to the foundation as it could not possibly spend it all. Buffett says he received 40 cents in tax benefits for every $1,000 donated, but tax experts seem to believe that is misleading. Since he is avoiding capital gains and estate taxes that could hover around 40%, some experts believe he is saving around $400 to $740 on every $1,000 he gives away.

Here is a list from 2021 of the foundation’s portfolio:

  1. Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.B)
  2. Waste Management (WM)
  3. Caterpillar Inc. (CAT)
  4. Canadian National Railway (CNI)
  5. Walmart (WMT)
  6. Ecolab (ECL)
  7. Microsoft (MSFT)
  8. Crown Castle International (CCI)
  9. United Parcel Service, Inc. (UPS)
  10. Schrodinger, Inc. (SDGR)
  11. Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. (KOF)
  12. Deere & Company (DE)
  13. FedEx Corp. (FDX)
  14. Grupo Televisa SAB (TV)
  15. Coupang, Inc. (CPNG)
  16. Alphabet (GOOG)(GOOGL)
  17. Madison Square Garden Sports Corp. (MSGS)
  18. Weber Inc. (WEBR)
  19. On Holding AG (ON)
  20. Mexico Fund (MXF)
  21. Affirm Holdings, Inc. (AFRM)

Trudeau Accused of Treason


Armstrong Economics Blog/Canada Re-Posted Jan 7, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

Comment: Dear Mr Armstrong,
Not everybody agrees in Canada with this bribed psychopath/traitor !!!!

-B

Reply: Oh, I am aware that our neighbors to the north are in no way under the illusion that Trudeau’s tyranny will work in their favor, at least not the people who read this blog. Thank you for sharing the video posted above (shared over Rumble and not YouTube, as YouTube will certainly remove this content).

"You sold us out to globalism. You are not working for Canada! You are working for your globalist partners! I wonder how much they are paying you to betray Canada. What do we do to traitors in Canada, Mr. Trudeau? We used to hang -- hang them for treason. And you're doing that very same thing to us now. We know what you're doing."

Hats off to that woman for speaking her mind! This video was taken at a town hall meeting in January of 2019, and Trudeau’s popularity has only declined since then. An Ipsos poll in November indicated that over half the population (52%) disagreed with the Trudeau Administration. Of the 48% that approve of the Liberal government, only 8% “strongly approve,” while 40% “somewhat approve.” Among the 52% who disapprove, 25% “somewhat disapprove,” while 27% “strongly disapprove.” There are significantly more people who strongly oppose the Liberal government compared with those who strongly approve.

Even among those who approve of Trudeau, the majority said they were on the fence, leading me to believe that the people are beginning to realize his policies have been harmful to the people of Canada. As Trudeau attempts to grab more power, civil unrest will grow as no one wants to experience a third year of COVID tyranny. As that brave woman pointed out — WE KNOW WHAT YOU’RE DOING!

January 6th & Ukraine


Armstrong Economics Blog/Russia Re-Posted Jan 6, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

Today on January 6th, 2022, Britain warned Moscow that it was working with Western partners on high-impact sanctions targetting Russia’s financial sector should it invade Ukraine. Of course, Russia could equally turn off the flow of gas to Europe and watch it freeze. That would cripple Germany. There U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock met in Washington on the 5th to discuss the Ukrainian Crisis. The major critical issue was that of the increase of Russian troops along the border of Ukraine. The issue appears to be over Ukraine’s attempts to join NATO. Both representatives agreed that this military presence is very dangerous. Meanwhile, the G7 warned Russia of ‘massive consequences’ if Ukraine is attacked.

President Vladimir Putin has demanded legally-binding guarantees that NATO will not expand further eastwards. NATO has been provoking Russia for years. While claiming to be purely defensive and Russia as the aggressor, NATO has used the fall of the Soviet Union to move eastward. The West simply seems to ignore Putin and then blames him as an aggressor.

“We will not accept the campaign Russia is waging to subvert its democratic neighbours,” Foreign Secretary Liz Truss of Germany told parliament. “They have falsely cast Ukraine as a threat to justify their aggressive stance.” “Russia is the aggressor here,” Truss said. “NATO has always been a defensive alliance.” That is pure nonsense. NATO has been decisively moving eastward and sees Russia as its enemy. Without Russia, NATO would not exist.

Much of Eastern Ukraine is composed of ethnic Russians who moved there during the Soviet Union. I warned from the outset this is not a game of monopoly. Just because that was the border of Ukraine under the Soviet Union means nothing. Even Crimea was historically Russian and was only given to Ukraine to administer during the Soviet Union. Russia annexed the Black Sea peninsula of Crimea from Ukraine in 2014, and the West imposed sanctions while hurling condemnation at Putin. Kyiv demands the territory back as if this is a Game of Thrones Conquest App.

Those in Crimea are predominantly Russian and there are Tatars there from the old Mongol invasion days. The border should be redrawn according to the language. This would be no different from Mexico demanding the return of Texas when the majority of the people are Americans. People’s lives are lost for such political posturing. The old days of Empire are long gone. The wealth of a nation is its people – not the territory it occupies.

So is January 6th, 2022 the day of decisions with these announcements and will amount to the Die is Cast? Our model does not like the other side of February in many markets.

Glenn Beck Interviews President Trump


Posted originally on the conservative tree house on January 6, 2022 | Sundance | 271 Comments

Whoever said God doesn’t have a sense of humor did not foresee Glenn Beck broadcasting a President Trump interview at the same time that Texas Senator Ted Cruz is saying the January 6th protesters are “domestic terrorists who need to be jailed for a very long time.”   LOL

President Trump granted Glenn Beck a lengthy interview on the anniversary of January 6.  The best part of this interview is President Trump saying all this sh!t that Biden is doing can be fixed quickly.  [He’s right]  WATCH:

President Trump Sits Down to Discuss Joe Biden Introducing Communism to the U.S.


Posted originally on the conservative tree house on January 6, 2022 | Sundance | 270 Comments

I am often asked why the ‘system’ is so intensely focused on eliminating Donald Trump.  Sure, the decades past have highlighted attacks against various politicians with the Alinsky purpose to isolate, ridicule and marginalize them; however, in the history of American politics, no individual has been targeted at the scale of Donald Trump.  What makes this different?

I’ll answer that important question below this recent interview.  WATCH:

The answer to the question of why the entire system of institutions and agencies need to eliminate Donald Trump is actually answered by first standing back and remembering where things were before Trump.   The time when political subjects were not the all-consuming part of everyday discussion.

Before Donald Trump stepped into the political arena, the same institutions and agencies who attack him now were successfully able to manipulate public perceptions.  It was all a grand pantomime, a ruse, a Potemkin village filled with jesters, distractions and carefully coordinated illusions of false choice.

When Donald Trump stepped into politics his platform was true, simple, pragmatic and pure.  He never hid the objective; there was no attempt to pretend to be something or hold some opinion/outlook.

Trump’s platform boiled down to: This is what commonsense people want, I agree with them, and so here I am to give it to them.  If you want these things, well, vote for me.

Immediately, literally in the first two weeks, the people who previously claimed to hold those same positions were exposed as part of a larger system of institutional fraud.  The “conservatives” inside the previous ‘fallacy of false choice’ scheme quickly became the Never Trump movement.   Hundreds of Republican politicians and pundits holding a UniParty agenda were exposed.

But the issue is actually bigger than that….

People forget, but Donald Trump was the last candidate to announce his entry into the 2016 presidential race.  The very first poll in August 2015, after Donald Trump made his entry announcement (June ’15), showed Trump in first place.   For the first time in modern history, a person who was totally outside the political system was the #1 candidate.  That position never moved from 2015 all the way to the RNC convention and eventually to the November 2016 election.

The two private clubs who control American elections, the RNC and DNC, were triggered and apoplectic.  Every politician who played the game and came out of the two club stables was also triggered.   The multinational corporations and banks who purchase and control the club charters were also triggered.  Their united assembly at Sea Island, Georgia, in March of 2016, was evidence of this collective apoplexy.

The intelligence agencies were triggered and went to work eliminating the threat, hence “Spygate“.  Heck, foreign nations even joined the destroy Trump mission in 2016, and we saw China, the U.K., Australia, Canada and Europe overall do everything they could to support the destroy Trump movement.

The entire geopolitical system had one enemy, Donald J. Trump.  However, almost no one at the time could grasp exactly what this meant.  Now, with hindsight and the benefit of watching various world leaders weaponizing COVID rules, we can clearly see how those exact same voices and interests were attacking Trump.

But what is it about Donald Trump that makes these attacks so profound and over the top?

Why is Donald Trump considered a ‘threat”?  And what exactly is he a threat to?

Donald Trump isn’t even in office, yet the exact same cast of characters have spent the entirety of their effort over the past year trying to destroy him.

Think about the scale of effort.

Why are they putting this much emphasis on destroying this one person?

When you step away from the noise of what has been created to seem ordinary, that question is quite profound.

I mean really…. what is it about this guy that makes things different?

The answer is really quite simple.

For the past 40+ years, we have been watching a prepared political script.  A production done by people who George Carlin called “The Big Club“, and who other people have started to identify because of the COVID rules, deployments and control over the politicians.

The multinationals, globalists and one-world government people have constructed a Potemkin village in the world of politics.

Donald John Trump represents the one person who could walk up to it all, knock over the plywood and show it’s not a real place at all, it’s make-believe.

To mix metaphors, Trump is Toto, the little dog that might just pull back the curtain.

President Trump not only represents the American majority, but he also represents the people wearing yellow vests in France, the people marching in protest in Australia, and the crowds that gather every day in Europe to fight the COVID mandates.

Donald John Trump is the brilliant, imperfect, sometimes ordinarily common, average person; and he is simultaneously the existential threat to the global elite.

It is Trump’s genuine patriotism and pragmaticism that makes him relatable.  He carries characteristics of being ordinary and yet extraordinary, and flawed, and a hot mess at times, and true, and brilliant, and annoying, and funny as heck, and also just plain likeable.

Often the brilliance he displays is just commonsense – and in a world where commonsense is a rare commodity, well, his gift of the ordinary becomes priceless, because he takes it to a place where it is most missing.

Donald Trump is also not a communist in a world where if you ask me if any well known person is a communist, I normally have to say ‘give me a few weeks and let me watch them before I will give an opinion‘…. which is usually a guess…. because we cannot be sure… because the communists have infiltrated every rank, in every institution… and they hide their ideology, because that is part of what makes communists dangerous.

As a consequence, to know -in ordinary terms- just matter of factly, that Donald Trump is not a communist is, sadly, quite rare.

The other issue for the control agents is the scale of Trump’s appeal.  Black, white, Latino, Asian, gay, straight, male, female, other or any assembly of bits and pieces that people use to assume their tribal identity, it doesn’t matter.  He’s genuinely the least divisive person imaginable, and that is the reason why MAGA is so broad in the coalition.

Does that stuff help people?  Okay, so we shall have a policy to do that stuff.

All of these various sub-groups and special interests that have been purposefully and carefully groomed by the needs of the Big Club are destroyed by one overarching viewpoint, do you want to see people happy – if so, well, let’s go MAGA bitches.

Stupid stuff hurts our country, so we shall have a policy not to do stupid stuff.

Communists hate our country, so let’s Make America Great.

It’s the simplicity of Trump that makes him a threat, in combination with him showing that basic America First policy makes the lives of everyone much better.   He’s already proved that.  That’s why they hate him.  That’s why the communists needed COVID-19 to stop him.

You can’t have the simple happiness of people doing what they want, and having opportunity, come as a result of commonsense policy.

That’s why the Big Club hates Trump.  That’s why they will never stop attacking Trump.  Meanwhile, I cannot unsee everything that Trump has shown me, and that’s why he will always have my support.

Winter Weather Exacerbates Supply Chain Crisis


Armstrong Economics Blog/North America Re-Posted Jan 6, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

Comment: This is a Whole Foods in a high to middle income suburb in the northeast on January 4, 2022. I live near numerous ports from NJ, PA, to NY. I have lived here my whole life and have never seen the aisles this bare. When corona began the essentials were missing from shelves but now they are completely bare. Did JB completely ruin America?

Reply: The snowfall in the north has only exacerbated the supply chain and food crisis. The ports up north are not what they once were, and perhaps I will elaborate on that in a separate post. Regardless, the shelves should never appear that empty. I too lived in the north for many years, and even amid snowstorms, there was more food available than what I am seeing in your pictures.

It is a global problem, but the Biden Administration is undoubtedly making matters worse. Forced vaccinationstrucker/labor shortagesinflation denial, and increased shipping costs are all contributing to the diminished supply of available goods. Additionally, farmers in the US (and elsewhere) noted that food prices will rise in 2022. Unfortunately, 40% of our exports come in from California, where Governor Newsom has imposed laws to ensure a depleted supply chain for the rest of the country.

Winter weather is now coming into play as a new variable exacerbating the supply chain. As I warned years ago, stock up while you can.

What Happened On January 6, 2021?


Armstrong Economics Blog/Politics Re-Posted Jan 6, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

After a year and hundreds of arrests, we still do not know what happened on January 6, 2021. Over 16 news agencies are urging the US government to release footage from that day to no avail. Were the protestors allowed into the building? The government keeps secrets when it has something to hide. I reported last year that the events that unfolded that day were a false flag.

The event was clearly orchestrated in advance to achieve three objectives:

  1. To stop any demand to investigate the election
  2. To further the Domestic Terrorist Act
  3. To justify creating a wall around the Capitol to protect them while imposing the Great Reset

The Democrats used the event to deflect from the investigation into election fraud, labeling anyone who participated in the protest as a domestic terrorist. Pelosi and Schumer lied to the public by claiming it was an “armed insurrection,” despite the FBI failing to recover any guns. The only people who were undoubtedly armed that day were the cops who murdered unarmed citizens such as Ashli Babbitt. January 6 also allowed the left to spin propaganda for the media to divide the country further. “There are legitimate white supremacist sympathizers that sit at the heart and at the core of the Republican Caucus,” AOC cried, claiming that she had a close call with death that day. In truth, AOC’s office was not in the same building where the protest took place — she lied.

In the same breath, those same lawmakers were mute when left-supporting groups such as BLM burned downed cities and municipal buildings. No one was charged as a domestic terrorist for those crimes. Instead, Pelosi constructed a since removed barrier around the Capitol as she knew that civil unrest was growing. In truth, the unrest was the people v. politicians, but the political rhetoric made neighbors turn on one another.

Were the people exercising their right to protest, or were they guilty of domestic terrorism? This does not seem as organized as an event such as Mussolini’s “March on Rome,” where an actual insurrection occurred. Did the protestors have clearance from someone within to enter the building? The Department of Justice unwillingly gave misdemeanors to those who did not incite violence while handing out felonies to those who allegedly clashed with police or destroyed government property. Everyone involved now has a record that will follow them permanently. Yet, only the government truly knows what unfolded on January 6, 2021.

Fake COVID-19 Test Centers Appear in Philadelphia


Armstrong Economics Blog/Corruption Re-Posted Jan 6, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

Disturbingly, a number of fraudulent COVID-19 testing pop-up centers are appearing in major cities throughout the US. The Philadelphia Department of Public Health issued a warning: “Last week, the Health Department was notified of small pop-up tents that were offering free COVID-19 testing operating in Center City. The staff who worked at these sites claimed they were funded by FEMA.”

The department went on to say that these pop-up sites were in no way affiliated with FEMA. As a matter of fact, the city seems puzzled as to how these centers even came into existence. These tents were placed in popular areas of the city that were completely on display, but it took many complaints before city officials shut down the operation.

What was the motive? The centers offered free testing at no direct cost and paid for the testing kits. I believe that the motive was identity and insurance theft. Those who visited the sites were asked to present identification, e-mail addresses, phone numbers, and home addresses. They also have a slew of personal DNA at their disposal now. Some have reported that the sites attempted to collect their insurance information, but that is likely where they will get nabbed as insurance companies are notoriously ruthless.

The city of Philadelphia is now telling everyone with symptoms who visited one of these testing centers to assume that they are positive for COVID. Yet another method to inflate numbers. Anyone who has visited Philadelphia in recent years has seen the city’s rapid decline as both poverty and crime are on the rise. The city should require bulletproof vests instead of masks. As of January 3, the city prohibited unvaccinated patrons from entering public spaces. Mayor Jim Kenney is clueless, and someone should be held responsible for allowing these sites to exist in plain view without proper examination. If you visited one of these testing locations, review your personal information to ensure that your identity and personal information are secure.

January 6th, 2022 & Civil Unrest


Armstrong Economics Blog/Civil Unrest Re-Posted Jan 6, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

QUESTION: Your target for this week concerning Russia might be hitting Kazakhstan. The protesters began shooting the military and they set the President’s home on fire. Could this be the January 6th target?

EH

ANSWER: The protests there are over inflation with the drastic price rise in fuel. I fund it interesting that Russia is claiming the US is behind that uprising. That may be providing justification for confrontation in Ukraine. We clearly have two primary incentives for civil unrest in Kazakhstan (1) mandatory vaccines, and (2) escalating fuel costs that even deprive people of heat in winter. There have been explosions at the public buildings surrounded by protesters.

Meanwhile, on the border with Ukraine, there are at least 175,000 troops on the border and Putin has moved in the heavy equipment that would otherwise take time to move in. Eastern Ukraine is ethnically Russian, not Ukrainian. For Putin to invade the East, he would have much more support than what the media would report. Meanwhile, Ukraine is following the West Covide restrictions which are not popular. An official document confirming that they have been vaccinated with a WHO-approved vaccine is required to travel.

With respect to Ukraine, on March 1st, 2014 (2014.164), the Russian government approved the invasion of Ukraine. That came on the Cycle of War Model which has been rather consistent. However, Russia then came to the aid of Syria precisely on the date of the Economic Confidence Model – 2015.75.

In addition, the ECM plotted from the Cuban Missile Crisis also targeted 2014.39 as the beginning of a new period of direct confrontation. That too pointed to 2014 and the period for the shift in geopolitical trend.

That was met with Obama imposing sanctions on Russia which was absurd.  The idea that putting on sanctions will force the people to overthrow their government has never worked because the people know the enemy is not their own government but external. That boosted Putin’s polls.

There are two dates in 2022 where a military confrontation is likely, from January 6, 2022, which is the Ukrainian ECM, and then there is October 5/6, 2022 which is 8.6 years from the 2014 turning point on the War Cycle and the Cuban Missile Model. In addition, there is the ECM turning point of March 14th, 2022. Of course, the peak of the previous wave was 2015.75 and that did mark the day Russia came into Syria.

When we look back at the first wave out of the start of this current 51.6-year cycle 1985.65, the first turning point was 1987.8 which produced the price low in the 1987 Crash to the day.  But the peak of that wave was 1989.95 which marked the fall of Communism. This was the equivalent of the 2024 turning point. That was followed by the 1991 break-up of the Soviet Union.

From a strategy perspective, if I were Putin I would like up with China to do a coordinated attack. If China moves against Taiwan and Russia moved against Ukraine, there is no way the West could mount any credible defense on two fronts. China has shut down all independent press now in Hong Kong. However, unreported is the capital controls. I have reports from Hong Kong that overnight, capital controls were implemented. Hong Kong residents can not send more than $50,000 annually out of the country. Clearly, our computer is looking very concerned with respect to even Japan and South Korea as there appears to be a mad rush to Singapore. There is even a separatist movement in Thailand over religion where the Muslims want to join Malyasia.

Something is in the wind. Perhaps January 6th may be just the point of a decision for the world markets do not seem to like what is offered after the 1st quarter here in 2022.

Macron Pushing France to Revolution


Armstrong Economics Blog/France Re-Posted Jan 5, 2022 by Martin Armstrong

French President Emmanuel Macron has shown that he is just not suitable to be the head of any government. Macron is fully on board with Schwab’s Great Reset. They promised that creating the EU would lead to a bigger economy that would beat the United States, but that has proven false. The EU has even been surpassed by China. Macron actually said in an interview with Le Parisien newspaper:

“I really want to piss them off, and we’ll carry on doing this – to the end.” 

For a head of state to address the nation in this manner is unimaginable. Mandatory vaccinations are the brainchild of the World Economic Forum to crush society in order to Build Back Better. The vaccines are already being addressed that you will need boosters every 3 to 6 months to retain any rights. They do not prevent COVID, but they are effective as a tool to manipulate and divide society. With elections coming up in April, he is clearly counting on dividing the country and trying to turn the vaccinated into the oppressors of the unvaccinated.

Vaccines are being introduced in several European countries, with Austria leading the way. That was the trial balloon and the people complied and did not storm the palaces and drag the politicians out as they have done in Brazil. Germany is moving forward with the same plan, and our staff in Germany have now left the country to protect their children. Italy’s government is considering a compulsory vaccine pass for at least anyone over 60.

Macron in his interview with Le Parisien used the vulgar term emmerder to say how he wanted to stir up the unvaccinated. He would not “vaccinate by force” the remaining five million, but said he was “limiting as much as possible their access to activities in social life.”

He continued: “I won’t send [unvaccinated people] to prison.” Nevertheless, he said: “so we need to tell them, from 15 January, you will no longer be able to go to the restaurant. You will no longer be able to go for a coffee, you will no longer be able to go to the theatre. You will no longer be able to go to the cinema.”

Reports from France say that politicians are starting to get death threats. Schwab had to cancel Davos because of all the death threats. History warns that this is the inevitable end result. There will be revolutions and they will drag politicians out of their ivory towers — they will be killed in the streets. Over 200 million people died the last time they tried to impose Marxism. It was a blood bath. This is the reality of Schwab’s dream. History will indeed repeat and this is building to violence in Europe very rapidly. The people may have been denied guns, but they can use old fashion resistance with bows and arrows and sling-shots.

The Romans made slingshot bullets that came at you with such force they could knock you out or even kill you. They were typically almond shape to increase the velocity. It will be interesting to see if people who are denied guns can still resort to ancient-style weapons for a revolution. Unfortunately, people like Macron are in charge and they are providing the very incentive for revolution as the worst tyrants in history. In the US, fortunately, our political structure denied the head of state the powers being exercised in Europe. In the USA, it is state by state.