The analysis and plots shown here are based on the following: first NASA-GISS temperature anomalies (converted to degrees Celsius so non-scientists will understand the plots) as shown in their table LOTI, second James E. Hansen’s Scenario B data, which is the very core of the IPCC Global Climate models (GCM’s) and which was based on a CO₂ sensitivity value of 3.0^O Celsius, lastly, a plot based on an alternative climate model designated ‘PCM’ based on a sensitively value of 0.65^O Celsius.

Note: I am making a revision to my model based on some new information that will make my climate model more accurate; even with the NASA/NOAA data manipulation which is in full force now. I expect to have this work completed by the next post for January 2016 data. This change has been completed and this paper uses the new a revised model. This change was to link the developed patterns to multiples of Pi which did in fact make an improvement and reduced errors from NASA observations.

An explanation of the alternative model designated, PCM, is in order since many have interpreted this PCM model as a statistical least squares projection of some kind. Nothing could be further from the truth. A decade ago when I started this work the first thing I did was look at geological temperature changes since it is well known that the climate is not a constant; I learned that in my undergrad geology and climatology courses in 1964.

The following observations give a starting point to any serious study. First, there is a clear movement in global temperatures with a 1,000 some year cycle going back at least 3,000 to 4,000 years; probably because of the apsidal precession of about 21,000 years for a complete cycle. However about every 10,000 years the seasons are reversed making the winter colder and the summer warmer in the northern hemisphere. 10,000 years from now the seasons will be reversed. Secondly, there are also 60 to 70 year cycles in the Pacific and the Atlantic oceans that are well documented. Lastly we also know that there are greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) estimated that carbon dioxide had a doubling rate of 3.0^O Celsius plus or minus 1.5^O Celsius in 1979.

The core problem with the current climate change theory is that the IPCC still uses the NAS 3.0^O Celsius as the sensitivity value of carbon dioxide and a number in that range is required to make the IPCC GCM’s work. The problem with using this value is it leaves no room for other factors and hence the need of the infamous hockey stick plots of the IPCC from Mann, Bradley & Hughes in 1999. The PCM model is based on a much lower value for carbon dioxide consistent with current research that places the value between 0.65^O and 1.5^O Celsius per doubling of carbon dioxide. If the long and short movement in temperatures and a lower value for carbon dioxide are properly analyzed and combined a plot that matched historical and current (non manipulated) NASA temperature estimates very well can be constructed. This is not curve fitting.

The PCM model is such a construct and it is not based on statistical analyses of raw data. It is based on creating curves that match observations (which is real science) and those observations appear to be related to the movement of water in the world’s oceans. The movements of ocean currents are well documented in the literature. All that was done here was properly combine the separate variables into one curve which had not been previously done, to my knowledge. Since this combined curve is an excellent predictor of global temperatures unlike the IPCC GCM’s, it appears to reflect reality a bit better than the convoluted IPCC GCM’s, which after the past 19 years of no statistical warming have been shown to be in error.

Now, to smooth out highly erratic monthly variations a 12 month running average is used in all the plots. This information will be shown in four tables and updated each month as the new data comes in about the middle of the month. Since no model or simulation that cannot reasonably predict that which it was design to do is worth anything the information presented here definitively proves that NASA, NOAA and the IPCC just don’t have a clue.

Note, starting in late 20014 and continuing to the present NASA has made major changes to the way they calculate the values used in their table LOTI. These changes have significantly increased the apparent global temperatures (political reasons) and these changes are not supported by satellite data; so they are probably not real. For example in the report issued in April 2010 the following temperatures were reported March 2002 102, January 2007 108. The January 2016 report shows March 2002 90, January 2007 95 and January 2016 as 111 but was it and will it say there? This paper uses the questionable NASA data since it is all that is available at this time. Prior to this “change” the PCM plot showed almost no error for NASA data as can be seen in the plots posted here last year.

The first plot, UL is a plot of the NASA temperature anomaly converted to degrees Celsius and shown in red with a black trend line added. There has been a very clear reversal in the upward movement of global temperatures since about 2001 and neither the UN IPCC nor anyone else has an explanation for this 13 years later. Since CO₂ has continued to increase at what could be argued an increasing rate, this raises serious doubts about the logic programmed into all the IPCC global climate models.

The next plot UR, also in red, shows the IPCC estimates of what the Global temperature should be, based on Hansen’s Scenario B, with the NASA actual temperatures’ subtracted from them. Therefore this plot represents a deviation from what the Climate “believers” KNOW what the temperature should be; with a positive value indicating the IPCC values are higher than actual and a negative value indicating the IPCC values are lower than actual, as measured by NASA. A black trend line is added and we can clearly see that the deviation from expected is increasing at an increasing rate. This makes sense since the IPCC models project increased temperatures based primarily on the increasing level of CO₂ in the earth’s atmosphere. Unfortunately, for them, the actual temperatures from NASA are trending down (even as they try to hide the down ward movement with data manipulation) since other factors are in play, therefore each year the gap between them widens. Since we have 13 years of observations’ showing this pattern it becomes hard to justify a continuing belief in the IPCC climate models, there is obviously something very wrong here.

The next plot LL shown in blue is based on the equations in the PCM climate model described in previous papers and posts here and since it is generated by “equations” a trend line is not needed. As can be seen the PCM, LL, there is a 69.1 year cycle that moves the trend line up and then down a total of 0.29^O Celsius and we are now in the downward portion of that trend (-.01491^O C per year) which will continue until around 2035. This short cycle is clearly observed in the raw NASA data in the LOTI table going back to 1868. Then there is a long trend, 1036.7 years with an up and down of 1.65^O Celsius (.00396^O C per year) also observed in the NASA data. Lastly, there is CO₂ adding about .007^O Celsius per year so they basically wash out at -.0039 ^O C per year, which matches the current holding pattern we are experiencing. After about 2035 the short cycle will have bottomed and turn up and all three will be on the upswing again. These are all round numbers shown here as representative values.

The last plot LR in blue uses the same logic as used in the UR plot, here we use the PCM estimates of what the Global temperature should be with the NASA actual temperatures’ subtracted from them. A positive value indicates the PCM values are higher than actual and a negative value indicates the PCM values are lower than expected. A black trend line was added and it clearly shows that the PCM model is tracking the NASA actual values very closely. In, fact since 1970 the PCM model has rarely been off by more than +/- 0.1 degrees Celsius until the last few months where the manipulation showed up and has an average trend of almost zero error, while the IPCC models are erratic and are were approaching an error rate of over +0.4^O C above expected until the last few months.

Note: Since I first started posting this monthly analysis a year and a half ago NOAA and NASA were directed make the global temperatures fit the political narrative that the planet was over heating and something drastic need to be done right now. The problem was as shown in this analysis the “real” world temperatures were not at the level that the IPCC GCM’s said they should be. Major adjustments to the data have been made that give the illusion that temperatures are going up even though they are not. However, as this analysis shows even with the manipulation that has destroyed all credibility from NOAA and NASA they cannot get the global temperatures even close to what their false theory claims they should be.

The next Chart shows the PCM model and all the various government plots related to climate change from 1875 through 275. Clearly within the next dozen years we will know one way or the other which kind of climate model works. One based on observations and the other based on questionable science. There is no disrespect meant against the real climate scientists that have been marginalized this disrespect is meant for the political scientists who are the worst kind as they work for money not for the truth.

In summary, the IPCC models were designed before a true picture of the world’s climate was understood. During the 1980’s and 1990’s CO₂ levels were going up and the world temperature was also going up so there appeared to be correlation and causation. The mistake that was made was looking at only a ~20 year period when the real variations in climate move in much longer cycles. Those other cycles can be observed in the NASA data but they were ignored for some reason. By ignoring those trends and focusing only on CO₂ the models will be unable to correctly plot global temperatures until they are fixed.

Lastly, the next chart shows what a plot of the PCM model, in yellow, would look like from the year 1400 to the year 2900. The plot matches reasonably well with history and fits the current NASA-GISS table LOTI data, in red, very closely, despite homogenization. I understand that this model is not based on physics but it is also not curve fitting. It’s based on observed reoccurring patterns in the climate. These patterns can be modeled and when they are, you get a plot that works better than any of the IPCC’s GCM’s. If the conditions that create these patterns do not change and CO₂ continues to increase to 800 ppm or even 1000 ppm than this model will work into the foreseeable future. 150 years from now global temperatures will peak at around 15.75 to 16.00 degrees C and then will be on the downside of the long cycle for the next 500 years. The overall effect of CO₂ reaching levels of 1000 ppm or even higher will be about 1.5 degrees C which is about the same as that of the long cycle. The Green plot shows the pattern with no change in CO₂ from the pre-industrial era of ~280 ppm.

Carbon Dioxide is not capable of doing what Hansen and Gore claim!

The purpose of this post is to make people aware of the errors inherent in the IPCC models so that they can be corrected.

The Obama administration’s “need” for a binding UN climate treaty with mandated CO₂ reductions in Europe and America was achieved as predicted at the COP12 conference in Paris in December 2015. To support this endeavor NASA will be forced to show ever increasing global temperatures that will make less and less sense based on observations and satellite data which will all be dismissed or ignored. Within a few years the manipulation will be obvious even to those without knowledge in the subject.

Sir Karl Raimund Popper (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994) was an Austrian and British philosopher and a professor at the London School of Economics. He is considered one of the most influential philosophers for science of the 20th century, and he also wrote extensively on social and political philosophy. The following quotes of his apply to this subject.

If we are uncritical we shall always find what we want: we shall look for, and find, confirmations, and we shall look away from, and not see, whatever might be dangerous to our pet theories.

Whenever a theory appears to you as the only possible one, take this as a sign that you have neither understood the theory nor the problem which it was intended to solve.

… (S)cience is one of the very few human activities — perhaps the only one — in which errors are systematically criticized and fairly often, in time, corrected.

NASA-GISS publishes a table Land Ocean Temperature Index (LOTI) of temperature values around the middle of each month that gives their estimate of the global temperature in anomalies. This table shows the current month and it goes back, by month, all the way to January 1880 which represented 1,626 values with the January 2016 report. Anomalies are calculated by taking the estimated temperature say 15.2 degrees Celsius and subtracting 14.0 degrees Celsius from it leaving 1.2 degrees Celsius which is then multiplied by 100 giving us an anomaly of 102; it’s their system not mine. The 14 degrees Celsius was calculated back in the 1980 as the average temperature for the period from 1951 through 1980 or 30 years. Why that period I don’t know as it has no scientific significance. My guess is it was the period that the people working on this project like James E. Hanson grew up in, but whether that is true or not using those years as a base for anything makes no sense. This paragraph is required so anyone looking at the Chart that follows will be able to understand what the numbers mean.

When I started this climate research 10 years ago it was the result of work I was doing in the field of electric vehicles and I needed to find the amount of fossil fuels that were available to determine if electric vehicles were viable. Also prior work I had done at General Electric had indicated that there were many problems with actually trying to switch to electric cars from petroleum based. Progress has been made but there are still many issues that prevent a total conversion to electric. However this subject dragged me into the changing climate issue which at the time I had no reason to believe what NASA and James E. Hansen were saying was not true. That assumption proved to be very wrong after only a few months of studying the issue and that started me on seeing what the real reasons for the changing climate we had was.

My research during 2005 through 2007 was in collecting information on the subject and it soon became obvious that there was something wrong; the IPCC hockey stick graph and geological temperature records were at odds and one or the other was wrong. The key was the sensitivity value of Carbon Dioxide CO2 which tells us how much of an effect CO2 has on temperatures. The science is far from settled on this key value and from 1979 to the present the published papers have lowered the estimate of that key number from 3.0 degrees Celsius to closer to 1.0 degrees Celsius per doubling of CO2. The higher value is required to make the man made part of the changing climate real but the lower value appears to be the correct one; which then seems to show that there are other factors effecting climate than CO2 and this became obvious 12 years ago when the increase in Global temperature appeared to slow down or even stop; and this was called the ‘pause’. And this pause was supported by satellite data so it was hard to hide

However, politics came into play as many uneducated policy makers were tricked into supporting the claim that CO2 increases were going to be the world’s biggest problem ever. This belief had much support from various political factions that provided money and ground troops to get the message out. So, now today, with so much political capital invested in the concept facts could not be allowed to stand in the way and so NOAA and NASA were directed to adjust the global temperatures to support the movement and that culminated with the Paris climate treaty signed in December 2015 at COP21. The following Chart shows how this was done by changing all the values in the NASA LOTI table and an explanation follows the chart.

This Chart was made from 14 different NASA LOTI tables as downloaded from the NASA-GISS web site over the past 8 years and listed by date on the x axis. Each LOTI report has a temperature value for each month from the date of the report going back to January 1880 and since these values are recalculated every month in software there are variations in those values and so to remove the random changes blocks of values were averaged i.e. the first one in green January 1880 through December 1899 is 20 years containing 240 values. Then that block was plotted for each of the 14 different reports up to the base period. This block is very erratic moving first down and then up so there must be something in the software that causes that based on what they programmed in to all the other periods. I left it in here only to show the strange movements in the published temperatures provided by NASA. The next block is from January 1951 to December 1980, 30 year period, is the base period that NASA which was described in the first paragraph of this short paper. In the above chart it shows as a solid black line at the 0 point on the chart. Starting in 1940 we move to 10 year blocks of 120 values to see greater resolution. The most current block 2010 to 2019 shows the most manipulation.

Now what stands out in this chart are two things the first is that the plots for the blocks of years move up and down which means that the temperatures for that block of years is moving which doesn’t seem reasonable as they are in the past so how is that possible. Further, random fluctuations would be averaged out when considering 120 or 240 values. In general as shown in the straight red trend line above the black base line which moves up and the blue straight trend line below the black base line which moves down we can see that the past gets colder while the present gets warmer; both after they are first published. Each point on the chart is for the same time period and the same number of values with the exception of the most current block labeled at 2010-2019 which is currently at 60 values since we are only half way through that period. This last period is the most interesting since we can see a very large increase in the values in the first few months of 2015, black oval.

The second point is not so obvious and this that the base period black plot of 30 years from 1951 through 1980 is very stable and does not move. With what happens to all the other periods moving all over the place that is not possible unless it is not allowed to move. This is one of the reasons why that period should not have been picked as the base, however now that they did they are forced to make those 360 values, when averaged, equal zero or their system falls apart. A base period cannot fall in the middle of the measurements you are analyzing when you don’t have hard values to measure against.

Since the past can’t change except in Orwell’s 1984 the current movement of temperatures that support the myth of manmade climate change can only be by manipulation of the NOAA and NASA data sets. What this administration is currently doing is no different than what The Catholics did to Galileo in 1633 when he was sentenced to house arrest after a long battle proposing that the earth moved around the sun not vice versa. Today any work questioning that man is causing the temperature of the planet to rise to unheard of levels is ridiculed and banned and some have even proposed prison to utter that thought.

Since it is now 100% certain that NOAA and NASA are changing data to support a political view those organization are now nothing more than propaganda organs of the political class and have become high priests of a cult which has nothing to do with true science.